Acute renal failure (ARF): Symptoms

Acute renal failure (ARF): Symptoms

The acute renal failure (ARF) is manifested by various symptoms depending on the stage we find ourselves in the evolution of the box. The amount of urine that is excreted both for diagnosis and for determining severity is usually significant. Depending on the stage of the disorder we are in, the amount may vary. The normal amount is 1 to 1.5 liters per day.

Acute kidney failure - Phase I or stage of injury or aggression :
In the first stage of acute kidney failure the kidneys are when the kidneys suffer damage due to an underlying disorder (pre-renal, renal or post-renal) Sudden form. The amount of urine can be around about 500 milliliters per day. It can last from hours to days and it is essential to detect the IRA in it, because the posterior renal failure could be avoided if the cause that causes the damage is eliminated.

Acute renal failure - Phase II or oliguric phase:

Within nine to eleven days the volume of urine decreases significantly below 500 milliliters per day, which is called oliguria. Proteins can be detected in the urine and blood . The acute renal failure in stage II can, for example, the following:

Hyperacidity ( acidosis )
Muscular weakness
Cardiac arrhythmias
Acute renal failure - Phase III or diuretic or polyuria phase:
The third stage of acute renal failure occurs within two to three weeks of renal damage. It signals the recovery of the nephrons. It is characterized by an increase in the excretion of the amount of urine, of more than two liters per day, or that denominates phase poliúrica.

Acute renal failure - Phase IV or recovery phase:
The fourth stage of the ARF is described as the resolution of the picture. The renal function is largely recovered, although it can remain limited. The amount of urine is normalized between 1 and 1.5 liters per day. It can last up to six months. The last thing that is recovered is the ability to concentrate urine.

This disorder causes on the one hand an increase of liquid in the organism and, also, by the accumulation of nitrogenous products of the metabolism, that are not excreted by the urine, takes place the call uremia . These changes may cause the following symptoms:

Formation of edemas : by the increase of the accumulation of liquids they usually swell the eyes first and later the legs.
Elevation of blood pressure (hypertension) that may be manifested by headache and visual disturbances .
Fatigue
Fever
Pain in the area of ​​the kidneys
pruritis generalized
Alterations in platelet aggregation and ease of bleeding
Changes in mood
Mental retardation
Nausea or vomiting
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